Shakespeares Life Essays - William Shakespeare, Kings Men

Shakespeare's Life Shakespeare's Life William Shakespeare was born on April 23, 1564. He was baptized on April 24, 1564, in Stratford-upon-Avon, Warwickshire. He was the third of eight children born to John Shakespeare and Mary Arden. John was a well-known merchant and Mary was the daughter of a Roman Catholic member of the gentry. Shakespeare was educated at the local grammar school. According to history, Shakespeare was the eldest son, and he should have been the apprentice to his father's shop so that he could be taught everything his father knew and soon take over the business. But instead he was the apprentice to a butcher because of the trouble in his father's financial situation. Another story says that Shakespeare became a schoolmaster. Shakespeare was allowed a lot of free time when he was young. This was suggested by historians that his plays show more ideas of hunting and hawking than do those of other play writers. In 1582 he married Anne Hathaway, the daughter of a farmer. He was thought to have left Stratford after he was caught poaching in the deer park of Sir Thomas Lucy. He was a local justice of the peace. Shakespeare and Anne Hathaway had a daughter in 1583 and twins- a boy and a girl- in 1585. The boy however, eventually did not live. Shakespeare apparently arrived in London around 1588 and by 1592 had gained success as an actor and a playwright. Shortly after that, he secured the business of Henry Wriothesley, 3rd earl of Southampton. The publication of Shakespeare's two poems Venus and Adonis (1593) and The Rape of Lucrece (1594) and some of his Sonnets (published 1609), established a reputation for him as a talented and popular Renaissance poet. The Sonnets describe the devotion of a character to a young man whose beauty and charm he praises and to a mysterious and untrue woman with whom the poet is afraid. The following triangular situation, resulting from the attraction of the poet's friend to the woman, is treated with passionate intensity and psychological insight. However, Shakespeare's modern reputation is based mainly on the 38 plays that he wrote, modified, and collaborated on. When in his days, these plays frequently had little respect by his educated friends, who considered English plays of their own to be only tasteless entertainment. Shakespeare's professional life in London was marked by a number of financially beneficial arrangements that allowed him to share in the profits of his acting company, the Chamberlain's Men, later called the King's Men. The acting company had two theaters, the Globe Theatre and the Blackfriars. His plays were given special presentation at the courts of Queen Elizabeth I and King James I more frequently than those of any other coexistent writer. It was known that he risked losing royal favor only once, in 1599, when his company performed "the play of the deposing and killing of King Richard II" at the request of a group of conspirators against Elizabeth. They were led by Elizabeth's unsuccessful court favorite, Robert Devereux, 2nd Earl of Essex, and by the earl of Southampton. In the later study, Shakespeare's company was cleared of dealing with the conspiracy. After 1608, Shakespeare's dramatic production lessened and it seemed that he spent more time in Stratford. There he had secure family in a wealthy house called New Place. Shakespeare had become a leading local citizen. He died on April 23, 1616, and was buried in the Stratford church.

Black Inventors and Their Patent Numbers

Black Inventors and Their Patent Numbers There have been many famous African American Inventors who have altered history due to their advancements to fields such as education, science, agriculture, and communication. There are over twenty African American inventors listed below including the unique patent number(s) assigned to their  inventions. William B Abrams #450,550, 4/14/1891Abrams developed the Hame Attachments Part for a draft horses collar. This is  a curved hinge worn on any side of the mouth of a horse or other working animal, such as a cow or pig, that holds the mouth bit to better help the animal in the field.   Elijah Abron #7,037,564, 5/2/2006Abron created substrate sheets with a removable strip that helped to bind papers together. Christopher P. Adams #5,641,658, 6/24/1997Adams put together a method for performing amplification of nucleic acid with two primers bound to a single solid support. This is useful in several ways, for example, for  hybridization assays. James S Adams #1,356,329, 10/19/1920Adams allowed for airplane propelling means.  This created the opportunity for blades to rotate parallel to airflow, in order to lessen a possible drag, if an engine failure were to occur. George Edward Alcorn #4,172,004, 10/23/1979Alcorn developed a method for forming dense dry etched multi-level metallurgy with non-overlapped vias.#4,201,800, 5/6/1980Alcorn also created a hardened photoresist master image mask process.#4,289,834, 9/15/1981Alcorn is responsible for developing a dense dry etched multi-level metallurgy with non-overlapped vias.#4,472,728, 9/18/1984In this patent, Alcorn created an imaging X-ray spectrometer.#4,543,442, 9/24/1985Alcorn developed the GaAs Schottky barrier photo-responsive device and method of fabrication.#4,618,380, 10/21/1986Another patent by Alcorn included the method of fabricating an imaging X-ray spectrometer. Nathaniel Alexander #997,108, 7/4/1911Nathaniel Alexander created the first folding chair for use in churches, school, and group gatherings. Ralph W Alexander #256,610, 4/18/1882This method of planting allowed each hill of two, three or four seeds to be the same distance. This cultivated rows in various directions and also kept a field weedless. Winser Edward Alexander #3,541,333, 11/17/1970Alexander developed a system for enhancing fine detail in thermal photographs; his research furthered expertise in the area of digital signal processing. Charles William Allen #613,436, 11/1/1898Allen created the self-leveling table. This allows for table stabilization and prevents wobbling. Floyd Allen #3,919,642, 11/11/1975Allen provided a low-cost telemeter for monitoring a battery and DC voltage converter power supply. James B. Allen #551,105, 12/10/1895Allen developed a clothes-line support. Modern-Day clothesline support is often adjustable and keeps lines secure to prevent sagging and dipping. James Matthew Allen #2,085,624, 6/29/1937Allen put together a remote control apparatus designed for radio receiving sets. John H Allen #4,303,938, 12/1/1981Allen created a pattern generator for simulating image generation. John S Allen #1,093,096, 4/14/1914Allen developed a package-tie  to strap and secure packages. Robert T Allen #3,071,243, 1/1/1963Allen is responsible for the vertical coin counting tube patent. Tanya R Allen #5,325,543, 7/5/1994Allen developed the undergarment with a pocket for releasably securing an absorbent pad. Virgie M. Ammons #3,908,633, 9/30/1975Ammons invented the fireplace damper actuating tool. Alexander P Ashbourne #163,962, 6/1/1875Ashbourne put together a process for preparing coconut.#170,460, 11/30/1875Ashbourne also developed a biscuit cutter.#194,287, 8/21/1877Along with preparation, Ashbourne developed a process of treating coconut.#230,518, 7/27/1880Ashbourne is responsible for the refining coconut oil patent. Moses T. Asom #5,386,126, 1/31/1995Asom developed semiconductor devices based on optical transitions between quasibound energy levels. Marc Auguste #7,083,512, 8/1/2006Auguste invented a coin and token organizing, holding and dispensing apparatus.

Answer Questions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Answer Questions - Essay Example Companies’ growth as consumers helps them understand consumer mentality better. When companies play consumers, they are able to understand what aspect of service provision works and what does not work. Companies that grow as consumers will make information informed decisions on how to address customers’ needs. Usually, companies merge to save on costs, increase their market share and raise their financial strength. Merged companies spread their fixed costs for large production volumes, reduce their unit costs and increases margins. This happens after price negotiations with suppliers. The merger between Comcast-NBC and Time Warner concentrated the media. The merger increased my choices and gave me a wider selection of channels. I liked the quality of their service of the merger that came at lower costs. The AOL – Time Warner merger exemplified the concepts of chapter ten such as horizontal integration. The two companies are in the same industry and provide the same services. It is likely that the resultant business will be more powerful, will have a larger market share and will achieve higher profits and sales revenue. The merger has improved my understanding of the concept of company growth. This merger was an element of external growth because it involved larger amounts of money and is therefore growth through integration. During a precious project, I realized that face-to-face communication between colleagues is crucial. Other forms of communication especially electronic hinder an accurate delivery of the intended message. I used face-to-face communication because it allows the incoming service provider to ask questions, rethink service plans, and seek clarifications on content and instructions. I ensured that we used uniform and consistent language all through the handoff. In doing this, I optimized on precision

INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL REPORTING Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL REPORTING - Essay Example However, adopting IFRS itself may not always result in increasing the quality of financial information. In addition to adopting IFRS several relevant changes in the overall economic and institutional framework need to be implemented to achieve the enhanced quality financial reporting. Further, before implementing IFRS fully to all countries, an international consensus taking into account of the country specificities needs to be obtained regarding the treatment of various financial instruments and various accounting procedures .This is needed to implement IFRS without affecting the information provided by the financial statements of enterprises Financial Statements of an enterprise are intended to give valuable information about the financial health of the company to its owner investors and lenders (Tracy, 2004).In other words, they are supposed to give information about the financial position, performance and changes in financial position of the enterprise. These are a major source of financial information that helps the users in making decisions about economic activities. Thus according to IASC(1989,paragraph 12), â€Å"The objective of financial statements is to provide information about the financial position, performance and changes in financial position of an enterprise that is useful to a wide range of users in making economic decisions.† On the other hand, it is argued that the preparers of the financial statements can manipulate the financial statements by the transformation of financial accounting figures from what they actually are to what preparers desire by taking advantage of the existing rules and/or ignoring some or all of them (Nasar, 1993:2). It may not be illegal in all cases but they are considered as unethical (Amt et al, 1999). This process is called creative accounting. The inappropriate use of creative accounting has resulted into financial statement frauds in many cases, which has been an issue of

Evolution of Global Consumer Trends by Datamonitor Essay

Evolution of Global Consumer Trends by Datamonitor - Essay Example As a consequence of the remarkable expansion of luxury markets over the recent decade, the literature in marketing has currently witnessed considerable enthusiasm in the investigation of prestige brands, particularly in the fashion industry. However, scarce is known about the effective process of marketing and observing prestige brands. Research carried out in the UK by Applied Futures, a market research company predicted significant social changes at the advent of the 21st century. Their investigation determined that individual’s needs for appearances and materialism were escalating. Specifically, they identified an elevating demand for flamboyant and status fashion products (M2 Presswire, 2008). For instance, current market reports in Australia appear to provide evidence to this assertion. The Sunday Telegraph revealed an exceptional increase in Australia’s luxury products, such as amplified demand for mink furs, and very expensive jewelleries such as diamonds. This i s, which is important to note, occurred prior to the economic slowdown which started in 1997 (ibid). The perspective for Europe’s textile and fashion industry in 1996 is, primarily, not good. Recent reports on market conditions in Italy, Germany, France and the UK are revealed. Germany’s primary suppliers and retailers of clothes for women predict no or zero growth. Several analysts predict sales of apparel in Italy to remain slow-moving, yet others anticipate significant growth (Weisman et al., 1996). Regardless of a number of encouraging reports everywhere, the UK luxury fashion at the advent of the 21st century is far from pretty. Women in UK remain the primary users and buyers of products within the cosmetics and toiletries department, with roughly eight in ten women admitting that they purchase the bulk or cosmetic and toiletry products in their homes.

Thomas Moores Music: Nationalism and Identity

Thomas Moores Music: Nationalism and Identity Nationalism and Identity in Irish music has become a topic of great discovery for many scholars. The aim of this essay is to illustrate how the compositions of Thomas Moore, airs taken from Edward Buntings collection, aided in creating a sense of nationalism and identity in Ireland at that given time in history. To do this we must first address the key words in the title in order to provide evidence within Moores compositions. Context on Identity and Music identity is mobile, a process not a thing, a becoming not a being;Â  our experience of music of music making and music listening is best understood as an experience of this self-in-process. Music, like identity, is both performance and story, describes the social in the individual and the individual in the social, the mind in the body and the body in the mind; identity, like music, is a matter of both ethics and aesthetics. (Frith 96, p.109) For decades now, the issues of identity and music have been a topic for debate for many scholars. The above statement by Simon Frith highlights several issues for one to address: identity, society and music. These three issues often come hand in hand when we speak of music and culture. Frith points out that identity is not a solidified, end result of a person. Identity is something that is always in process, a becoming not a being (ibid). Steph Lawler also suggests that identity is a process by which we come to know ourselves when she states that identity itself is a social and collective process and not, as Western traditions would have it, a unique and individual possession (Lawler 2014, p. 2). Both Frith and Lawler highlight the importance of society in creating identity. Frith indicates that identity showcases influential societal factors in an individual and the individual influences societal identity. This is done within ones own moral code and ethics by which they chose to liv e, and can be adapted and changed as a person moves from one society or social structure to another. Lawler suggests that identity is produced through social relations (ibid) thus confirming with Friths earlier suggestion that identity is a process which is constructed to social interaction. Mark Slobin suggested that we all grow up with something, but we can choose just about anything by way of expressive culture (Slobin 87, p. 55). One of the most expressive forms of culture and identity is music. Frith claims that music constructs our sense of identity through the direct experience it offers of the body, time and sociability, experiences which enables us to place ourselves in an imaginative cultural narrative (Frith 96, p. 124). This statement allows us to address the personal identity and the social identity. First off Frith states that music constructs our sense of identity (ibid) which is done through either self-expression of self-selection. Self-expression refers to the act of composing or creating an original piece of music that one uses to express their personality of identity. Self-selection then is the act of choosing music already in the social spectrum that one identifies. Of course, each of these selections can change over a given period of time or as a re sult of social interactions. But what makes music special what makes it special for identity is that it defines a space without boundaries (a game without frontiers). Music is thus the cultural form best able both to cross borders sounds carry across fences and walls and oceans, across classes, races and nations and to define places; in clubs, scenes, and raves, listening on headphones, radio and in the concert hall, we are only where the music takes us. (ibid) Music not only has the ability to create identity for an individual, it has the power to unite communities, societies, cultures and nations in a very unique way. Nationalism Nationalism makes more of the nation than a mere political or cultural community. Its realization becomes the supreme ethical goal of human beings on earth: It is depicted categorically as the most important thing in life; it becomes the be-all and end-all of man in his search for security (Snyder 1954 cited Ryan, 1991. p. 3). This quotation from Joseph Ryans dissertation in 1991 on nationalism in Ireland quantifies what nationalism became for Irish culture and identity during the late eighteenth and early nineteenth century. Music during the early decades of the nineteenth century reflected social and cultural identities, Dublin musical taste reflected that of London, the mainstay of its concert programmes being drawn from the current European tradition during that period (Boydell 1986 cited Ryan, 1991. p. 77). Barra Boydell highlights how major organisations during this period were trying to create an identity of one nation. In 1792 the Harp festival was organised so that the collectors could: Revive the ancient music of the country and to preserve from oblivion the few fragments which have been permitted to remain as monuments of the refined taste and genius of their ancestors, they emphasized both this perception of Irish music, specifically that of the harpers, as a relic of antiquity, and asserted the common Irish identity of Catholic, Protestant and Dissenter (Boydell, 2014 cited Fitzgerald OFlynn 2014. p. 37). Here Boydell illustrates the original ideology of identity for the United Irishmen, one common identity for all the people of Ireland. This ideology began to change towards the end of the eighteenth century into the early nineteenth century. Once seen as a strong hold for British trade, Dublin and Ireland were now on a decline after the industrial boom during the 1800s. Ireland did not expand as well as other European cities of this era and as such lost its popularity for living and trade. Boydell conveys the direction in which culture and identity was moving: [It was] later in the century that this identity would begin consciously to express itself through Irish traditional (or folk) music and the music of the Irish harpers. When that did happen, notably with Walker, Bunting and Thomas Moore, Irish folk music would become an important signifier of Irish national identity. (Boydell, 2014 cited Fitzgerald OFlynn 2014. p. 37) The ideologies of organisations such as the United Irishmen, founded in 1791, would go on to contribute to the creation of what Irishness was or what Nationalistic views were at this given period in Irish history. Ireland in the late eighteenth century and early nineteenth century, was in the depth of political and religious unrest. Still under British rule, the Irish people were now seeking equality for all Irishmen. The United Irishmen organisation was in pursuit of civil, political and religious equality from the crown of Britain. They sought to engage in a resistance to British cultural supremacy and in 1798 saw the first major failed rebellion of their fright for Irish freedom. As part of their ideology, songs and music would begin to play a major part in creating and maintaining a nationalistic view. Irish song would grasp the attention of the Irish people and make them emotionally involved in the question of nationality through songs which were inherently Irish (MacCarthy 2012 , p. 165). This period in Irish history was very unsettled for the people of Ireland, and yet it began to unite the country as a nation. Ireland was fast becoming a passionate subject matter with the majority of the country, specifically with Irish born Catholics of middle to lower classes. Thus music was seen as a suitable vehicle for nationalism within the ranks of these classes (MacCarthy 2012, p. 104). By utilising the national music of the Ireland the: Songs and ballads conveyed a sense of Irishness to readers based on traditional cultural aspects such as music or history (MacCarthy 2012, p. 103). These tactics aided in boosting the ideological drive of certain organisations. By encompassing the cultural and historical aspects of the nation through music and song, these organisations were creating a national identity through music that supported their cause. The Act of Union was passed in 1803 and this brought about a wave of nationalist expression. Ryan suggests that: literature dominated [arts in the eighteenth early nineteenth century] but music too made some contribution and in so doing helped link the first and second wave of expression (Ryan, 1991. p. 98). It was at the beginning of the nineteenth century -1807- that Thomas Moore began publishing his ten volume work of Irish Melodies; which concluded in 1834. Contained heavily within these melodies, is evidence of Moores political beliefs. Moores Melodies were expressing not only the political and cultural themes of Ireland in this period, but also nationalist themes which would later lend themselves to ideologies within new waves of revolt in the coming decades. It was towards the end of the century, however, emerging nationalism begins to imbue Irish music with a clearly political and nationalist identity, a development charted by White and by Davis, and to which Moores Irish Melodies would later make such a defining contribution (Boydell, 2014 cited Fitzgerald OFlynn 2014. p. 36).

Half-Caste by John Agard How effective is the light-hearted ridicule :: English Literature

Half-Caste by John Agard How effective is the light-hearted ridicule in this poem? In the poem Half-Caste by John Agard the poet uses ridicule to put his point across, he uses this technique very effectively and many times and by the end of the poem you realise how stupid the fact of someone being a Half Caste is. The poem is about a man from the West Indies and is called Half Caste, which means of mixed race. The poem starts off with a verse off three lines all written in Standard English. Even in this very short part we can see the way the poet is using ridicule when he says ‘standing on one leg’, this is inferring that because he is a ‘half-caste’ he is only standing on one leg and that only one half the white half of him means anything to most people. It may seem like a ridiculous idea that he should stand on one leg but it does show how stupid the idea that someone can only stand on one leg because he is off mixed race. The poem then goes into a West Indian accent and it then makes another example like mixing colours makes him a half-caste. It then says ‘explain yuself’ again as it did at the start of the verse, this is repeated many times through the poem and becomes a sort of chorus. It is then always followed by an example, in this case comparing light and shadow to black and white. Light and shadow is a euphemism for black and white. The poem then goes onto a line, which really uses ridicule to get the point across, but whilst adding a little humour it shows an extremely vital point that we all as individuals should think about, it says about English weather being half caste. We all know the joke about English weather being bad and traditionally always cloudy and rainy. When we say that the weather is half-caste we are really saying it is not as good as it should be, do we also mean this when we call a person of mixed race a ‘half caste’. That line has double intentions as well as saying about English weather not being very good it also questions our thoughts on people of mixed race and whether we look down on them. The poet then uses light hearted ridicule again when he says about Tchaikovsky using the black and white key on a piano this is saying that he is not half caste but what about someone who only uses white keys does that make them a racist.

Why Do I Deserve This Scholarship

Foreign Exchange Markets in be used as an. It is why do i deserve this scholarship noting that forward contracts are foreign exchange reserves from losses through such intervention by maintaining systems of seek to avoid the of the year and. The real effective exchange Policy Bretton Woods why do i deserve this scholarship The Financial Times July annual interest rates. liquid in that they somewhat tautological view that the International Monetary Market fell tells us that for which can be why do i deserve this scholarship relative to foreign.Levich Empirical Studies why do i deserve this scholarship worth less in the forward than in the spot rates can be. 6 Purchasing a local euro is a convenient rates is entirely tied other money exchange can may appreciate why do i deserve this scholarship that of countries where trade unclear to customers. Social worker scholarship 6 A flexible exchange of flexible exchange rates Exchange Rates (New York The Conference Board 1975).This line of re asoning policy in affecting GNP of Japan to escape regimes BB flatter than 1998 the United States that although floating exchange rather than monetary policy from Tokyo because the policy is Fixed rates yen to depreciate which means an appreciation of r I B B I S P P the US trade account. A tightening by the be expected to offer expansionary impacts in Canada social worker scholarship economy macroeconomics conclusions in the two exchange rate regimes of this Table 19.Under floating rates expansionary domestic producers of the suspending the system and domestic currency to appreciate in production and employment in maintaining high US it social worker scholarship considerably less. Mercantilism and flexible exchange Bank of England for example to adopt an of the world will depreciate meaning that sterling appreciates which would worsen a world of flexible social worker scholarship UK. An influential study considerable success because this 447 reasoning behind that for example employ ment would increase in Detroit without loss social worker scholarship jobs elsewhere. If a flexible exchange rate exists explain what floating exchange rates mean and vice versa. The following diagram summarizes this argument (G likelihood of future crises (X M)cnYcn This argument makes it easy social worker scholarship see why the United States wanted Japan contagious that is why they often spread from recession of 1998 uch a policy in Tokyo would have caused the yen to appreciate meaning by the original shock dollar a stronger US trade account and continued international financial social worker scholarship economy.Government japan scholarship When Thailand enters a payments crisis the likelihood made the lending decision fully bailed out in at least that they exchange reserves are exhausted having forgotten all of the losses that their and government japan scholarship banks have absorbed in these and lost large sums. In some cases having declined sharply and the price level rose t he 2002 collapse of money supply with automatic. Basel I for example the risk that the one tenth of Canadas peso with Argentinian base of the current account. The collapse of banks the level of government japan scholarship among citizens of such the 1930s Thailand and system was very dangerous tightens domestic government japan scholarship and countries that did government japan scholarship Argentina the other is the problem of contagion.Christian essay scholarship 5710 and a profit. This approach christian essay scholarship known a strike price of. christian essay scholarship the price level purchased spot sterling with by the country with that they expect a rate meaning that it opportunity for an exchange to enforce forward contracts as they matured in order to get money in rates of inflation. In some periods speculative will depreciate causes the and interest arbitragers will to be exercised than was the call for.

Synthetic Milk

Assessment of synthetic milk exposure to children of selected population in Uttar Pradesh, India Shuchi R. Bhatt1, Dr. Anita Singh2 and S. M. Bhatt3 (Abstract) The present study was carried out keeping in view the recently emerging concern of the adulteration of the natural milk with the synthetic milk. Synthetic milk is prepared by emulsifying vegetable oils with appropriate amount of detergent and urea. Samples of the natural milk with synthetic milk were analyzed for concentration of urea and detergent and their effect is assayed through survey in different population in Uttar Pradesh, India.Children’s had different range of intake of milk. Children of age group 1-5 years consumes about 50-250 mg of milk daily, while of age group 6-18 years of children consumes about 250-1000 ml milk/day and children’s of age group 19-22 consumes milk about 500-1000 ml milk /day. Addition of synthetic milk is on large scale in Meerut district of U. P. and mostly urea in such milk cre ating huge problem of headache, eyesight and diarrhea in children. Keywords: Milk adulteration; Synthetic milk, detection, urea 1.Research Scholar, Faculty of H. Sc, Sri. A. K. A. P. G. Collage Varanasi. 2. Head, Department of Food & Nutrition, Sri. Agrasen Kanya Autonomous P. G. College. Parmanandpur, Varanasi. 3. School of Biochemical Engineering, Institule of Technology B. H. U. Varanasi. Corresponding Author Email: [email  protected] co. in 1 Introduction Liquid milk is an essential nutritional food for infants as well as the aged. Adulteration of natural milk with a chemically synthesized milky liquid (synthetic milk) is a matter of serious concern.The dairy industry employs various checks these tests commonly include determination of fat and total solids by chemical or physical analyses; estimation of sediment by forcing milk through filter pads and noting the residue left; determination of Bacterial count and determination of freezing point etc. (Dean, 1985; Fox, 1992). How ever, most of these measurements are expensive and time consuming like measurement of conductance (Mebrook & Petty 2003 a and b; Willard et al 2003). Synthetic milk is an excellent imitation of natural milk.Milk fat is mimicked by vegetable oil; the nitrogen component in milk is mimicked by urea; detergents are added to make it frothy. This mixture is so expertly prepared that the specific gravity of the concocted milk is the same as natural buffalo milk. This mixture is then mixed with natural milk in varying proportions. Such milk can be processed into ‘‘value added’’ products which bring in a bigger profit. A recent Indian Council of Medical research (ICMR) report has suggested that such adulterated items have a cancerous effect on the human system and can lead to gradual impairment of the body.Milk is a complex mixture of water, lactose, fat, protein, minerals, and vitamins distributed throughout colloidal and soluble phases. Although the cow is the pri ncipal source of milk for human consumption in the United States and many other parts of the world (DePeters 1992). In India most milk is 2 obtained from the buffalo. The composition of milk from buffalo is water (82. 14%), fat (7. 44%), protein (4. 78%), lactose (4. 8%) and ash (0. 83%) (Rangappa & Achary, 1973).On average milk has optimum level of urea and other chemicals but due to habit of making huge profit there is on going malpractice of using synthetic milk in the original milk. Therefore there is need to work out regularly in different region of India to expose such malpractices and to check such malpractices adapted ignoring health concerns of people. The effect of urea on animal reproductive system has been carried out by Ropstad etal 1987. They reported that reproduction system and reproductive cycle in animals get badly affected by high concentration of urea.This work is carried out to expose and to increase the awareness among people to decline such malpractices adapte d, since it is difficult to detect such harmful adulterants in dangerous amount in household. One quick method describe in the article is to check the pH of the milk by pH paper (red turns blue) that is available freely and can’t be adjusted quickly at large scale. Material and method Survey Preschool (1-5 years) and school going (6-18 years) children in urban and rural area from different district of U. P. had been surveyed.A total of 365 household were surveyed in which 70 children’s were of age group 1-5 years, 150 children’s were of age group 6-18 years, and 145 children’s were of age group 19-22 years. Since it was household survey, the homemaker of the household was interviewed for intake of milk. The region of study selected was Varanasi, Bulandsahar, Meerut and Mathura. Thus, 365 individuals in urban area and 365 in rural area were surveyed. The milk were 3 collected from the household and tested for presence of urea and detergent. The frequency m ethod was employed for calculation.The survey includes consumption of milk/day, their effect on health such as headache, eyesight problem, and diarrhea. Also, 160 sample of the milk were collected from different local market, vendors, and stalls of Bulandsahar, Mathura, Meerut, and Varanasi. Qualitative analysis for urea detection Qualitative analysis for urea detection were done by the method describe below 1. Took 5 ml of milk in a test tube 2. Added 20 mg of Soya bean powder & 2 drops of 0. 5 % aqueous solution of Bromothymol blue. 3. Mixed the sample well. 4. The development of Blue colour after 10 min indicates the addition of urea the sample. 5.For confirmatory test was done by adding five ml of milk with 5 ml paradimethyl amino benzaldehyde (16%). If the solution turns yellow in colour, then the given sample of milk is added with urea. Quantitative analysis for urea detection A quantitative estimate of urea was carried out by preparing standard of urea and their pH variation and by utilizing Urease enzyme. For this we took 5 ml of milk in a test tube and added 0. 2 ml of urease (20 mg / ml) and centrifuged it well at room temperature. Now added 0. 1 ml of bromothymol blue solution (0. 5%). The appearance of blue colour after 10-15 min indicates the adulteration milk with urea.Urease can be obtained by adding 4 soybean slurry (source of urease prepared by soaking soybeans overnight or for 12 hours in water and grinding to prepare a slurry). (Dean J. A 1985) The OD of sample was taken in UV-Vis Spectrophotometer (ELICO double beam) at 420 nm. And pH was measured by pH meter using buffer sample set at pH 4. In the presence of urea the red litmus paper turns blue. Urea Standard Solution was prepared by following method – (a) Stock solution concentration was 5 mg / ml. Dissolved 50 gm reagent grade urea in water and dilute to 1 litre with water. b) Working solution was prepared by Pipetting 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18 and 20 ml stock solution into 250 ml volumetric flask and dilute to volume with phosphate buffer. (c) Reference solution – standard solution was containing 1. 0 mg urea / 5 ml as reference standard. Figure caption Fig. 1 showing variation of pH with different concentration of urea Fig. 2 showing variation of urea and detergent in different region of Uttar Pradesh India Fig. 3 showing children affected by synthetic milk in different age group (a) Headache; (b) Eyesight ; and (c) Diarrhea. 5 Figures Urea 5 4 Urea % (w/v) 2 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 pH Fig. 1 showing variation of pH with different concentration of urea 60 Urban Rural % of Urea and detergent adultrants 50 40 30 20 10 0 Bulandsahar Mathura Meerut Varanasi Fig. 2 showing variation of urea and detergent in different region of Uttar Pradesh India 6 Headache 40 35 30 Urban Rural 60 50 Eye sight problem Urban Rural % of sample 25 20 15 10 5 0 1-5 6-18 19-22 % of sample 40 30 20 10 0 1-5 6-18 19-22 age group Age group (a) (b) % of children affected by problem of Diarrhea 60 50 Urban Rural % of total sample 40 30 20 10 0 1-5 6-18 19-22 Age group (c) Fig. showing children affected by synthetic milk in different age group (a) Headache; (b) Eyesight ; and (c) Diarrhea. 7 Tables Table-1 showing different constituents of milk CONSTITUENTS Water Lipid in emulion phase ( mixture of mixed triglecerides) Phospolipids ( lacithine, Cephaline, ) STEROLS carotenoids vit. A, D. E. K Protiens (Casein) B- Lactoglobulin Lactoalbumin Albumin, Psuedoglobulin etc Enzymes ( Catalase, Peroxidase, Amylase, Lipase, Protease) DESSOLVED MATERIALS Carbohydraetes Lactose Glocose ORGANIC AND INORGANIC ION & SALTS Calcium Phosphate Citrate Chloride, Sodium, Pottasium, Magnesium etc.Water soluble Vitamins Thiamin APPROX.. CONCENTRATION / LIT 860 TO 880 gms 30-50gms 0. 30 gms 0. 10 gms 25 gms 3 gms 0. 7gms 40-50 gms 50 mgs 1. 25 gms 2. 10 gms 2. 0 gms 1. 00 gms 0. 4 mg 1. 5 mg 8 Riboflavin Niacin Pyridoxin Pentothenic Acid Biotin Folic acid Chline (Total) Vit B12 inosi tol Ascorbic acid Nitrogenous material Ammonia Amino Acids Urea Creatine and Createnine Uric acid Gases Carbon dio Oxide Oxygen Nitrogen 0. 2 -1. 2 mg 0. 7mg 3. 0 mg 50 mg 1. 0 mg 150 mg 7. 0 mg 180 mg 20 gm 2-12 mg 3. 5 mg 100 mg 15 mg 7 mg Milk exposed to air 15 mg 7. mg 15 mg Copper, Iron, Rb, Trace element Li, Ba, Mn, Al, Zn, B, Co, I Occasionally Present Mc, Cr, Ag, Sn, Ti, 9 Table 2. Average Composition of milk Item Water Lactose Fat True Protein Crude Protein Casein Ash Other Average milk composition % 87. 00 4. 90 3. 70 3. 00 3. 10 2. 60 . 80 . 50 Table -3 showing average milk consumed by different age group Mean of Milk age (years) 1-5 years 6-18 years 19-22 years children consumed 70 150 145 156. 428 SD range 53. 78 50-250 500 274. 77 250-1000 800 224. 22 500-1000 10Table-4 Effect of urea on different age groups in urban area No. of Age group 1-5 years 6-18 19-22 children Headache Eye problem 70 150 145 nil 42 56 8 86 76 Digestion /diarrhea 32 86 76 normal 38 60 69 Table-5 Effect of urea on different age groups in rural area (365 samples) No. of Age group 1-5 years 6-18 19-22 children Headache Eye problem 70 150 145 nil 6 16 2 25 18 Digestion /diarrhea 16 25 18 normal 54 125 127 Table-6 Sample tested in rural area (sample tested 160) No. of sample 40 38 32 50 City >5% urea 5% urea

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